What Is the Transpersonal? Exploring the Depths Beyond the Self

In the world of psychology, therapy, and spirituality, the word transpersonal often arises in conversations that touch the edges of human experience—the places where our personal story meets something larger, more expansive, and deeply meaningful. But what exactly is the transpersonal, and why might it matter in the context of healing and personal growth?

Understanding the Transpersonal

At its core, the word transpersonal means “beyond the personal.” It refers to experiences, states of consciousness, or aspects of being that transcend the ordinary sense of self or ego. Rather than focusing solely on our thoughts, behaviours, and emotions in isolation, the transpersonal lens invites us to consider our connection to:

• Something larger than ourselves (nature, humanity, the cosmos, or the divine)

• States of consciousness beyond everyday awareness (peak experiences, mystical moments, flow)

• Spiritual or existential questions about meaning, purpose, and identity

• Archetypes, intuition, and symbolic ways of knowing

Transpersonal psychology, a branch of psychology developed in the late 1960s by figures like Abraham Maslow, Stanislav Grof, and Ken Wilber, emerged to explore these dimensions of the human experience that traditional psychology often overlooked.

Transpersonal Experiences: Common Yet Profound

Many people have transpersonal experiences without realising it. These might include:

• A moment of awe in nature where the boundaries of self seem to dissolve

• A sense of deep peace or unity during meditation

• A spiritual awakening or near-death experience

• Creative flow where time and self-consciousness vanish

• A powerful dream that feels deeply symbolic or healing

While these moments may be fleeting, they often leave a lasting imprint, offering insight or transformation.

Why Is the Transpersonal Relevant in Therapy?

In therapy, especially in integrative or holistic approaches, the transpersonal offers a way to work with clients beyond just symptom relief. It opens the door to explore:

• Spiritual or existential crises

• Grief, purpose, or questions about the soul

• Identity beyond trauma or conditioning

• The search for meaning after loss or life change

• A sense of interconnectedness and inner wisdom

For clients who have experienced trauma, especially early relational trauma, healing can be supported by reconnecting with a sense of wholeness that transcends the wounded parts of the self. The transpersonal can be a source of resilience, hope, and renewal.

Transpersonal Practices That Support Healing

While not all therapists or individuals work from a transpersonal perspective, many practices align with this approach, including:

• Mindfulness and meditation: Cultivating present-moment awareness and spaciousness

• Breathwork and body-based practices: Accessing deeper states of consciousness

• Journaling and dream work: Exploring the unconscious and symbolic

• Psychedelic-assisted therapy (in legal, guided settings): Facilitating transpersonal insight

• Ritual and ceremony: Honouring life transitions and meaning-making

A Word of Caution and Care

Transpersonal experiences can be beautiful, but they can also be destabilising—especially if they arise unexpectedly or without support. It’s important to stay grounded, especially if you’re navigating trauma, mental health challenges, or spiritual crises. A skilled therapist can help integrate these experiences so they become a source of growth, not confusion.

Final Thoughts

The transpersonal invites us to look beyond the surface of things—to recognise that healing isn’t just about fixing what's “wrong,” but also about remembering what’s deeply right within us. It reminds us that we are not only our wounds, our identities, or our stories—we are part of something wider, wilder, and more mysterious.

Whether you call it spirit, soul, the collective unconscious, or simply the mystery of being alive, the transpersonal perspective can be a powerful companion on the path of healing and self-discovery.

What Is Ego Death and How Does It Relate to Trauma and Healing?

In recent years, the term ego death has gained popularity in conversations around spirituality, psychedelics, and psychological healing. While it might sound dramatic or even ominous, ego death refers to a profound psychological shift that can be deeply liberating—especially for those navigating the effects of trauma. But what exactly is ego death, and how does it intersect with trauma and healing?

What Is Ego Death?

Ego death refers to the experience of losing the rigid sense of self—the internal identity we build through life experiences, beliefs, social roles, and defenses. This ego isn't bad or wrong; it’s the psychological structure that helps us make sense of who we are and how we relate to the world.

However, when the ego becomes overly protective or tightly constructed—often as a result of trauma—it can act more like a prison than a foundation. Ego death is the temporary or permanent loosening of these structures, allowing a person to experience themselves beyond labels, conditioning, and fear.

This experience is common in:

• Deep meditation or mindfulness practices

• Mystical or spiritual states

• Psychedelic therapy (e.g., with psilocybin or MDMA)

• Intense life crises or psychological breakthroughs

How Ego Structures Form in Response to Trauma

When we experience trauma—especially in childhood—the ego often develops survival strategies to protect us. These can include:

• Hyper-independence or people-pleasing

• Avoidant or anxious attachment styles

• Inner critical voices (internalized from caregivers)

• Emotional numbing or perfectionism

While these strategies may keep us safe in the short term, they can also keep us disconnected from our authentic selves.

The ego, in this sense, becomes like a protective shell. It filters our experiences, keeps our feelings tightly controlled, and prevents us from accessing the parts of ourselves that carry pain—but also the capacity for connection, creativity, and joy.

Ego Death as Part of the Healing Process

Ego death can be a powerful part of healing trauma when approached gently and in the right context. Rather than being a total erasure of identity, it is more often a dissolving of what no longer serves. It allows us to witness the stories we tell about ourselves—like “I’m not good enough” or “I have to stay strong”—and see that these are not the truth of who we are.

In this way, ego death can help:

• Release deep-rooted shame and self-judgment

• Unhook from trauma-based identities

• Cultivate compassion for the wounded parts of the self

• Open up to more flexible, authentic ways of being

It can feel disorienting at first, as the usual sense of “me” softens. But when supported—through therapy, mindfulness, somatic practices, or trauma-informed psychedelic work—it can lead to profound freedom.

Is Ego Death Necessary for Healing?

Not everyone will experience ego death in a dramatic or recognizable way, and it’s not a prerequisite for trauma recovery. Some people may never encounter it at all, while others experience it as a pivotal turning point.

It’s more useful to see ego death as one possible process among many. Healing often involves a gradual integration of fragmented parts of the self, not a single moment of transformation. For some, ego softening happens slowly—through relational safety, body-based therapy, or years of reflection.

Supporting Yourself Through Ego Transformation

If you're exploring ego death or experiencing a loosening of identity, these tips may help:

• Ground in the body. Practices like yoga, breathwork, or somatic therapy can help regulate the nervous system.

• Find safe connection. Therapeutic relationships or support groups offer containment during destabilizing shifts.

• Be gentle. The ego formed to protect you. Thank it. Don’t rush to destroy it.

• Stay curious. When your sense of self feels unfamiliar, let curiosity guide you instead of fear.

Final Thoughts

Ego death can be unsettling, but it can also be deeply healing—especially for those whose identities have been shaped by trauma. As the grip of old stories loosens, new possibilities emerge: for connection, for wholeness, and for a life not driven by fear or survival strategies.

The journey isn’t about losing the self entirely. It’s about remembering who you were before you were taught to be someone else.

Yoga and Qigong: Ancient Paths to Healing Relational Trauma

Relational trauma — the kind that stems from repeated harm, neglect, or disconnection in close relationships — often leaves lasting imprints not just in the mind, but in the body. Talk therapy is essential, but healing from trauma often needs to go deeper than words. This is where body-based practices like yoga and qigong can offer gentle yet profound support.

Although yoga and qigong come from different parts of the world — yoga from India and qigong from China — they share a great deal in common and can be incredibly helpful in trauma recovery, especially for those healing from early or chronic relational wounds.

Shared Foundations: How Yoga and Qigong Are Similar

Both yoga and qigong are mind-body practices that aim to cultivate a sense of inner balance and vitality. They combine breath awareness, physical movement, and meditative focus to help reconnect the body and mind.

Importantly for trauma healing, both practices help regulate the nervous system. They support us in moving from a state of hypervigilance or shutdown into greater calm and presence. The emphasis on rhythm, breath, and body awareness makes them ideal for gently reconnecting with the body after trauma.

Yoga and qigong are also flexible and adaptable. They can be practiced in ways that are accessible for a wide range of physical abilities and emotional states. There is no requirement to “perform” or push through discomfort. Instead, both practices can be done slowly, mindfully, and with a focus on safety and grounding.

Key Differences Between Yoga and Qigong

While both practices share a holistic view of well-being, there are some notable differences in their style and focus.

Yoga often involves holding poses (known as asanas), sometimes with an emphasis on building strength or flexibility. It includes breathing techniques (pranayama), meditation, and sometimes philosophical teachings drawn from Hindu traditions. There are many forms of yoga — some vigorous, others very gentle — and trauma-sensitive yoga classes are becoming more common.

Qigong, on the other hand, is typically more fluid and less physically demanding. It involves slow, flowing movements often coordinated with natural breathing and visualizations. The goal is to cultivate and circulate qi (life energy) through the body. Qigong is rooted in Traditional Chinese Medicine and Taoist philosophy, and its movements tend to be circular, continuous, and calming.

In practice, yoga may feel more structured or physical, while qigong may feel softer and more meditative. Some people recovering from trauma find qigong easier to begin with, especially if they feel anxious about their bodies or movement.

How These Practices Support Trauma Recovery

Relational trauma can disrupt the body’s sense of safety. It often leads to a nervous system that is chronically dysregulated — swinging between anxiety, numbness, or emotional overwhelm. Yoga and qigong help restore regulation, rebuild self-trust, and support emotional integration.

Here’s how they help:

• Reconnecting with the Body: Trauma can cause us to disconnect from bodily sensations. Gentle movement, breath, and grounding help rebuild that connection in a safe way.

• Creating a Sense of Safety: Slow, mindful movement allows the body to experience present-moment safety, which is crucial for healing trauma that is often rooted in past fear or danger.

• Regulating the Nervous System: Both yoga and qigong help activate the parasympathetic (rest-and-digest) branch of the nervous system, reducing fight-or-flight responses.

• Processing Emotions Somatically: Some trauma is beyond words. These practices help us release held tension and emotion through the body, without needing to explain or analyze.

• Cultivating Self-Compassion: Regular practice can soften the inner critic and build a kinder, more patient relationship with ourselves — something often missing in childhoods shaped by relational trauma.

Finding the Right Practice for You

You don’t have to choose one practice over the other. Many people combine elements of both or explore them at different points in their healing journey. What matters most is how you feel during and after the practice — not how it looks from the outside.

If you’re dealing with trauma, it can be helpful to start with a trauma-informed instructor who emphasizes choice, permission, and safety. You might begin with grounding practices like slow breathing, standing postures, or gentle rocking movements before progressing to more demanding sequences.

Go slowly. Pay attention to what your body needs and where your limits are. You are allowed to rest, to adapt, and to move at your own pace.

Final Thoughts

Yoga and qigong aren’t just physical disciplines — they are deeply compassionate paths back to ourselves. In the aftermath of relational trauma, they offer a space to gently rebuild trust, not only in others, but in our own bodies and inner experience.

There is no need to strive, fix, or prove anything. These practices offer quiet healing — the kind that unfolds breath by breath, movement by movement, with patience and presence. Whether it’s the stillness of a yoga pose or the flowing rhythm of a qigong form, the body can begin to remember: I am safe now. I am home.

Meditation for Trauma Recovery: Finding Safety and Healing Through Stillness

Trauma can leave lasting imprints on the body and mind — flashbacks, anxiety, dissociation, and a constant feeling of being on edge. For many people, traditional talk therapy is just one piece of the healing puzzle. Meditation, when approached gently and intentionally, can offer another path toward safety, regulation, and reconnection with the self.

But not all meditation is the same — and not all forms are suitable for everyone at every stage of healing. Understanding the variety of practices available can help trauma survivors find an approach that feels safe and supportive.

Why Meditation Can Be Helpful in Trauma Recovery

Trauma affects the nervous system. It can trap us in states of hyperarousal (fight/flight) or hypoarousal (freeze/shutdown), making it hard to feel calm, connected, or grounded. Meditation helps by:

• Calming the stress response

• Increasing body awareness

• Building tolerance for difficult emotions

• Cultivating a sense of inner safety

• Enhancing the connection between mind and body

That said, some forms of meditation may be too intense or triggering if you’re early in your recovery. That’s why it's important to explore practices at your own pace — and possibly with the guidance of a trauma-informed therapist or teacher.

Types of Meditation That Support Trauma Recovery

1. Mindfulness Meditation

What it is: Paying attention to the present moment with curiosity and without judgment.

How it helps: Increases awareness of thoughts and emotions without becoming overwhelmed by them. Helps ground you in the present and reduce reactivity.

Trauma tip: Start with external awareness (sounds, sights) before turning inward to bodily sensations, which can be overwhelming for some.

2. Grounding Practices

What it is: Techniques that bring attention to the body or environment to anchor awareness.

How it helps: Regulates dissociation or panic by reconnecting with the here and now. Examples include feeling your feet on the floor, noticing five things you can see, or holding a warm mug.

Trauma tip: Excellent entry point for people who struggle with traditional seated meditation.

3. Body Scan Meditation

What it is: Gently directing attention through the body, often from head to toe.

How it helps: Increases interoception (awareness of bodily sensations) and builds the ability to stay present with physical sensations.

Trauma tip: Go slowly. For those with a history of trauma, body awareness can sometimes trigger memories. It's okay to skip areas or stop entirely.

4. Loving-Kindness Meditation (Metta)

What it is: Repeating phrases of goodwill (e.g., “May I be safe”) toward oneself and others.

How it helps: Builds self-compassion and softens inner criticism — a common struggle for trauma survivors.

Trauma tip: Begin with sending kindness to someone who feels safe before turning the attention inward.

5. Movement-Based Meditation (e.g., Walking, Yoga, Qigong)

What it is: Meditation in motion, where the focus is on breath, posture, or repetitive movement.

How it helps: Releases stored tension, improves body awareness, and may feel safer than stillness for those with trauma histories.

Trauma tip: Trauma-sensitive yoga or mindful walking can offer gentle ways to reconnect with your body.

6. Visualization and Safe Place Meditation

What it is: Imagining calming scenes or safe environments in detail.

How it helps: Activates soothing mental imagery, offering a retreat from intrusive memories or emotional overwhelm.

Trauma tip: Create a personalized “safe place” you can mentally return to when things feel too much.

7. Breath Awareness and Breathwork

What it is: Observing or gently guiding the breath to influence nervous system regulation.

How it helps: Slows the heart rate, supports emotional regulation, and anchors attention.

Trauma tip: Be cautious — controlling or focusing on the breath can feel triggering. Start with simple awareness without trying to change anything.

Important Considerations for Trauma-Sensitive Meditation

• Safety comes first: If any practice feels overwhelming, stop. You’re not doing it wrong — it just means your system needs something different right now.

• Start small: Even one minute of grounding or breath awareness is meaningful.

• Work with a guide: Trauma-informed therapists or meditation teachers can help you tailor practices to your needs.

• Be gentle with yourself: Meditation is not about achieving a “blank mind.” It’s about showing up with kindness, even when things feel messy inside.

Final Thoughts

Meditation isn’t a one-size-fits-all solution, especially when healing from trauma. But when approached with care, it can become a powerful companion on the path to recovery — helping you come home to your body, regulate your emotions, and rediscover a sense of safety within.

If you’re unsure where to begin, start with a grounding practice or loving-kindness meditation — gentle doorways back into connection.

You are not broken. You are healing — one breath, one moment, one choice at a time.

Gender as a Construct: When Awakening Shifts Identity

In today’s cultural conversations, gender is often discussed in terms of identity, biology, and social roles. But what happens when someone experiences a deeper awakening — a moment of insight where all labels, including gender, are seen as mental constructs? Is this spiritual perspective non-binary? Or is it something else entirely?

Awakening to the Self Beyond Identity

In many contemplative and spiritual traditions, people report a powerful realisation: "I am not my thoughts, my body, or even my personality. I am awareness itself." This is sometimes called a non-dual awakening — a shift from identifying as a separate individual to recognising the self as the open, conscious space in which all experiences arise.

From this perspective, all personal identities — including gender — are understood to be part of the mind's programming. They may still function in daily life, but they no longer define who we are at a fundamental level.

“I’m not a man or a woman. I’m not even a person. I am simply consciousness, witnessing it all.”

Is That Non-Binary?

At first glance, this sounds like a kind of non-binary identity — stepping outside the traditional male/female binary. But the reality is more nuanced.

• Non-binary, as a gender identity, usually refers to someone who does not exclusively identify as male or female. This might mean they feel both, neither, or something in between.

• But a spiritual awakening doesn't necessarily involve gender identity at all. It’s a shift in how we experience the entire self, often beyond any concept or category.

Some people who have had these experiences may adopt a non-binary or agender label because it reflects their inner reality. Others may drop all labels altogether.

The Difference Between Spiritual Insight and Social Identity

There’s a key difference between someone saying:

• “I feel I was born in the wrong body and I identify outside the gender I was assigned at birth.”
  and

• “I don’t identify as anything — not even a self — because identity is an illusion of the mind.”

The first is a statement about personal, lived experience within society. The second is a spiritual insight that often transcends the social layer of experience altogether.

Do I Need a Label at All?

For some, there’s comfort and power in naming their experience — even if it’s just to say “I’m non-binary” or “I’m gender-free.” For others, the most honest response to the question “What are you?” is simply, “I don’t know.”

If you’ve experienced a shift in identity that feels spiritual, it’s okay not to have the words for it right away. Some people find community in existing categories. Others are content to live outside them, grounded in their own direct knowing.

Closing Thoughts

Gender is a meaningful and essential part of life for many people — a source of identity, community, and expression. But for those who’ve experienced a deep awakening, it might also be seen as just one of many patterns of the mind.

Whether you identify as non-binary, agender, transgender, or none of the above, your experience is valid. What matters most is living in alignment with your truth — whether or not it fits into a box.

Understanding Schizoid and Avoidant Survival Adaptations: Why They Happen and How to Heal

Some people move through life at a distance — emotionally, relationally, or even physically. They might describe themselves as highly independent, "not needing anyone," or more comfortable in solitude than with others. Others may long for connection but find themselves frozen with anxiety at the thought of closeness, fearing rejection or humiliation. These ways of relating aren’t flaws — they are survival adaptations that once served a purpose.

Two such patterns — the schizoid and avoidant adaptations — are not mental illnesses in themselves, but protective strategies formed in response to early emotional environments. Understanding them can bring clarity, self-compassion, and a roadmap to deeper healing.

What Are Schizoid and Avoidant Adaptations?

The Schizoid Adaptation: Retreating From the World

A schizoid adaptation is rooted in emotional withdrawal. It often develops in children whose early attempts at connection were met with neglect, intrusion, or emotional unavailability.

Core belief: “It’s safer not to need or want anyone.”

Typical patterns may include:

• Preference for solitude over relationships

• Difficulty identifying or expressing emotions

• A rich inner world, but emotional detachment from others

• A sense of being an observer in life, rather than a participant

This adaptation isn’t about arrogance or coldness — it’s about safety. When connection felt dangerous or disappointing in early life, retreating inward became a protective strategy.

The Avoidant Adaptation: Longing for Connection, Fearing the Cost

Avoidant adaptations often arise from early experiences of inconsistent, critical, or rejecting caregivers. The child learns that closeness leads to shame or pain.

Core belief: “If I let people close, I’ll be judged, hurt, or abandoned.”

Common traits include:

• Fear of intimacy or vulnerability

• Reluctance to trust others

• Self-sufficiency used as a defence

• Social anxiety or fear of being exposed as “not good enough”

Avoidant individuals often feel caught in a painful push-pull: they long for connection but simultaneously fear it. The tension between craving closeness and avoiding it can feel like a trap.

Why Do These Adaptations Happen?

Both schizoid and avoidant adaptations are relational survival responses. As children, we are wired to connect — but when connection feels unsafe, our nervous systems adapt in ingenious ways to protect us:

• Withdrawing inward (schizoid) to avoid further emotional wounding.

• Keeping people at a distance (avoidant) to prevent rejection or humiliation.

These patterns are often shaped in early developmental years, when the brain is still forming its understanding of safety, love, and relationship. They are not chosen consciously — they’re automatic responses to an environment that felt emotionally unsafe, unavailable, or unpredictable.

The Cost of Emotional Distance

While these adaptations may have protected us in the past, they can become limiting in adulthood:

• Difficulty forming deep or sustaining relationships

• Emotional numbness or a feeling of isolation

• Chronic loneliness paired with shame about needing others

• Struggles with intimacy or vulnerability in romantic or therapeutic settings

Recognising these patterns is not about blame — it’s about reclaiming your story.

How Healing Happens

1. Understand Your Adaptation With Compassion

Learning to see your patterns as survival strategies — rather than flaws — is a powerful first step. You adapted because you had to. That deserves gentleness, not shame.

2. Build Safety in Relationships

Whether through therapy, close friendships, or support groups, healing often begins by experiencing safe, consistent, and non-judgmental connection. Over time, these relationships can “rewire” the nervous system to believe that closeness can be safe.

3. Practice Co-Regulation

Schizoid and avoidant adaptations tend to over-rely on self-regulation. Learning to co-regulate — to calm and feel safe in the presence of another — is a key part of healing. This might begin with tolerating connection in small doses.

4. Develop Emotional Language

Many who withdraw struggle to identify or communicate their feelings. Journaling, creative expression, or emotion-focused therapy can help develop a more embodied sense of what’s happening internally.

5. Work With a Trauma-Informed Therapist

Relational or integrative psychotherapy offers a safe space to explore early attachment wounds, process emotional pain, and experiment with new ways of being in relationship — all at a pace that respects your nervous system.

You Are Not Broken — You Adapted

If you recognise yourself in the schizoid or avoidant pattern, it may be tempting to feel discouraged. But your nervous system was doing what it needed to do to protect you. These patterns were once brilliant solutions — even if they no longer serve you.

And the beautiful truth? You can learn new ways of being. Healing is possible, not through force or pressure, but through understanding, compassion, and connection — especially the kind you never knew you were allowed to need.

Understanding the Many Faces of Narcissism—and How to Protect Yourself

When we hear the word narcissism, we might picture someone who is arrogant, self-obsessed, or manipulative. But narcissism isn’t always loud or obvious. It can wear many faces—some of them subtle, even self-sacrificing. For those raised by narcissistic parents or entangled in toxic relationships, understanding the different expressions of narcissism can be the first step toward healing.

What Is Narcissism, Really?

At its core, narcissism is a pattern of behaviour rooted in an unstable sense of self. While there’s a clinical diagnosis—Narcissistic Personality Disorder (NPD)—many people show narcissistic traits without meeting the criteria for a disorder. These behaviours often serve to protect fragile self-esteem, typically developed as a survival strategy in response to unmet emotional needs, neglect, or conditional love during early life.

Narcissism isn't just about ego—it’s often about hidden wounds.

Different Forms of Narcissism

1. Grandiose or Overt Narcissist

• Traits: Arrogant, attention-seeking, dismissive of others' feelings, easily angered by criticism.

• Impact: Often dominates conversations, needs admiration, and may gaslight or devalue others.

2. Covert or Vulnerable Narcissist

• Traits: Passive-aggressive, hypersensitive to rejection, plays the victim, envious.

• Impact: Can seem shy or self-effacing but still manipulates emotionally to get needs met.

3. Malignant or Toxic Narcissist

• Traits: Controlling, cruel, sadistic, lacking empathy, and often abusive.

• Impact: May show signs of paranoia or aggression. Often emotionally or physically abusive.

4. Martyr Narcissist

• Traits: Gains power and validation through self-sacrifice and guilt-tripping.

• Impact: Uses “I do everything for you” narratives to manipulate others and avoid accountability.

5. Communal Narcissist

• Traits: Seeks validation through being "the good person"—a helper, healer, or moral guide.

• Impact: Can be competitive about goodness, over-identifies with being needed or admired.

What It’s Like Being Raised by a Narcissistic Parent

Children of narcissistic parents often grow up in environments where love is conditional. Approval is earned through compliance, achievement, or emotional caretaking of the parent. Over time, this can lead to:

• People-pleasing or perfectionism

• Chronic self-doubt or difficulty trusting one's own feelings

• Low self-worth rooted in never feeling “enough”

• Emotional neglect, where the child's feelings are ignored or punished

• Role reversal, where the child becomes the caregiver or confidant

Love in these homes often feels performative or transactional—leaving lasting wounds that can shape future relationships and self-identity.

How to Deal with Toxic Narcissistic Behaviour

If you recognise these dynamics in a parent, partner, or other relationship, it’s important to understand: you cannot change them, but you can protect yourself.

1. Create Emotional and Physical Space

Distance—whether physical, emotional, or both—helps reduce enmeshment and regain perspective. This might look like less frequent contact or choosing not to engage in conflict.

2. Set Clear Boundaries

Be direct and consistent. For example:

"I’m not available to discuss this right now."
"If you continue to speak to me that way, I’ll need to leave the conversation."

Expect pushback, especially from those who are used to crossing your boundaries freely—but hold firm.

3. Don’t Justify or Over-Explain

Narcissistic personalities often twist explanations into openings for control. You don’t need to convince them your boundary is valid—you just need to hold it.

4. Seek Support

Therapy can help you process the emotional fallout and develop healthier relational patterns. Support groups or psychoeducation can also help you feel less alone and more empowered.

5. Release the Hope for a Different Past

One of the hardest but most healing steps is letting go of the fantasy that the narcissist might one day change or give the love you needed. That grief is real—and valid—but accepting it can set you free.

You Are Allowed to Protect Your Peace

Recognising narcissistic behaviour doesn’t mean labelling someone as evil. It means understanding the emotional patterns that have shaped you—and deciding which ones you no longer want to live under.

Whether you’re untangling childhood wounds or navigating a difficult relationship in the present, know this: You are allowed to say no. You are allowed to want more. You are allowed to take up space.

And you deserve relationships that make you feel safe, seen, and respected.

What Is Intergenerational Trauma — And What Does Epigenetics Have To Do With It?

We often think of trauma as something that happens to an individual — a painful event or experience that leaves a psychological scar. But what if trauma can be passed down through families, even if the next generation didn’t experience the original event directly?

This is the concept of intergenerational trauma, and it’s gaining increasing attention in both therapy and science. Alongside it, research into epigenetics is beginning to show us how the effects of trauma may not just be emotional or behavioural, but biological as well.

What Is Intergenerational Trauma?

Intergenerational trauma refers to the transmission of the effects of trauma from one generation to the next. This can happen in families where earlier generations experienced significant adversity, such as:

• War, genocide, or forced migration

• Slavery, colonialism, or racial oppression

• Abuse, addiction, or neglect

• Poverty, imprisonment, or systemic injustice

Even if a child isn’t directly exposed to those traumas, the emotional climate they grow up in may be shaped by them. For example, a parent who survived extreme hardship may struggle with anxiety, depression, emotional regulation, or attachment — which in turn impacts how they relate to their child.

Over time, the family inherits a kind of “emotional legacy,” where unspoken pain, patterns of coping, and relationship difficulties get passed on — sometimes silently.

What Is Epigenetics?

Epigenetics is a relatively new field of science that studies how our environment and experiences can influence the way our genes are expressed. It doesn’t change the genetic code itself, but it can turn certain genes “on” or “off,” which affects how cells function.

This is important in the context of trauma. Research, particularly in animal studies and some human populations (such as Holocaust survivors and their descendants), suggests that traumatic experiences can lead to epigenetic changes. These changes might influence how future generations respond to stress, regulate mood, or process fear.

In other words, trauma might not just be inherited emotionally or socially — it could leave a biological imprint, too.

How Might This Show Up in Therapy?

Clients affected by intergenerational trauma may describe feelings or struggles that seem out of place or hard to trace:

• A persistent sense of fear or unease, even in safe environments

• Guilt or shame that feels "inherited"

• Difficulty trusting others, without knowing why

• Family patterns of emotional avoidance, anger, or disconnection

• Feeling responsible for others' pain

Therapy can help by creating a space to explore not just the individual’s personal history, but their family story too. Understanding the context of intergenerational trauma can be incredibly validating — helping clients realise, “It’s not just me.”

Can Intergenerational Trauma Be Healed?

Yes — and recognising it is often the first step. While we can't change the past, we can change how it's carried forward. Through therapy, clients can:

• Break cycles of silence, shame, or emotional suppression

• Learn to regulate their nervous system and responses to stress

• Build healthier relationships and parenting patterns

• Reclaim a sense of identity and agency

Healing intergenerational trauma is about more than individual wellbeing — it can reshape entire family systems and future generations.

You Are Not Broken — You Are Carrying Something

If you feel weighed down by emotional burdens that don’t seem to belong solely to you, you’re not imagining it. Whether shaped by your own experiences or those of generations before you, your pain deserves attention — and healing is possible.

You are not broken. You are carrying something. And you don’t have to carry it alone.

Why Helping Professions Attract People Pleasers with Histories of Trauma

If you work in the caring professions — as a support worker, nurse, counsellor, or therapist — you might notice something interesting about yourself or your colleagues. Many people drawn to these roles have a strong desire to help others, often going above and beyond. But beneath this compassionate drive, there can sometimes be a deeper story — one shaped by personal histories of trauma and the tendency to be a “people pleaser.”

Who Are People Pleasers?

People pleasers are those who often prioritise others’ needs and feelings over their own. They seek approval and avoid conflict, sometimes to their own detriment. This can come from:

• Growing up in environments where love or safety felt conditional

• Learning early to “keep the peace” by making others happy

• Feeling responsible for others’ emotions or wellbeing

While these traits can create skilled, empathetic helpers, they can also mask unmet needs and unresolved wounds.

Why Do People With Trauma Often Choose Helping Careers?

Many people who have experienced trauma — whether childhood abuse, neglect, loss, or other painful experiences — develop a heightened sensitivity to suffering. This can inspire a strong desire to protect and support others, sometimes as a way to:

• Find meaning or purpose in their own pain

• Create safety in environments they couldn’t control before

• Rebuild self-worth through acts of kindness and care

Helping others can feel deeply rewarding and healing. It’s a way to transform past hurt into something positive.

The Risks: Burnout and Boundaries

However, people pleasers and trauma survivors in caring roles may face unique challenges:

• Difficulty saying no: Feeling responsible for everyone can lead to taking on too much.

• Neglecting their own needs: Constantly focusing on others can leave little time for self-care.

• Emotional exhaustion: Absorbing others’ pain without sufficient support or boundaries increases risk of burnout.

• Re-triggering trauma: Working with vulnerable people can sometimes bring up their own unresolved feelings.

Recognising these risks is vital for sustainable, healthy care work.

Healing Through Awareness and Support

The good news is that therapy and self-awareness can help people pleasers and trauma survivors in helping professions:

• Understand and honour their own needs without guilt

• Build strong boundaries to protect their wellbeing

• Develop healthier ways to give and receive support

• Recognise when to seek help or take breaks

Supervision, peer support, and ongoing training also play important roles in maintaining resilience.

You’re Not Alone — And Your Compassion Is a Strength

If you’re a nurse, support worker, counsellor, or other helping professional with a history of trauma or a tendency to people please, know that your experience is common. Your empathy and dedication come from a place of deep understanding, even if it sometimes feels overwhelming.

By caring for yourself as much as you care for others, you can continue to make a meaningful difference — not just for those you support, but for your own healing journey too.

Therapy for People Who Didn’t Think They Deserved Help

Many people come to therapy not because they always believed they should — but because, eventually, the pain of not seeking help became too great.

If you’ve grown up being told to “just get on with it,” or learned early that your needs weren’t important, reaching out for support might feel unnatural, even selfish. You may be someone who minimises your struggles, thinking, “It’s not that bad,” or “Others have it worse.”

But pain doesn’t have to meet a certain threshold to deserve care. Hurt is hurt. And you are allowed to heal.

Where Does This Belief Come From?

Many people who struggle to ask for help were shaped by environments where emotional needs were ignored, dismissed, or subtly shamed. You might have:

• Been praised for being “strong” or “easygoing,” even when you were struggling

• Learned not to complain or show vulnerability

• Taken on adult responsibilities too early

• Been told you were “too sensitive”

• Grown up around people who were in survival mode themselves

Over time, you may have internalised the idea that your feelings are burdensome, unimportant, or not valid enough for support. This can lead to a deeply rooted sense that you must earn help, or that others’ pain is always more deserving than your own.

“Others Have It Worse” — A Dangerous Comparison

It’s true that suffering exists on a wide spectrum. But comparing your pain to someone else’s doesn’t make theirs easier — and it certainly doesn’t make yours disappear. This mindset often keeps people stuck in silence, invalidating their own experiences.

Pain is not a competition. It’s a human experience. And we all need support sometimes, regardless of how our lives look from the outside.

What Therapy Can Offer

Therapy provides a space that may feel unfamiliar at first — one where your feelings are met with curiosity, not judgment. Where your past is explored not to assign blame, but to understand how it shaped your beliefs. And where your struggles are treated with care, not comparison.

Therapy can help you:

• Understand the roots of your self-doubt or guilt around asking for help

• Learn how to validate your own needs without shame

• Practice receiving support, perhaps for the first time

• Begin to feel worthy of care — not because you’re “suffering enough,” but because you’re human

You Are Not Broken — You Adapted

Often, the very coping mechanisms that now feel like obstacles were once forms of protection. Minimising your pain may have been how you stayed safe or functional in a world that didn’t offer much support.

Therapy doesn’t pathologise those defences. It honours them, while gently helping you find new ways to live that are rooted in self-compassion.

You Deserve Help, Even If No One Told You That Before

The belief that you must “have it all together,” or “deal with it yourself,” can be a heavy burden to carry. You are allowed to put it down. You’re allowed to feel what you feel. And you are absolutely allowed to ask for help.

Healing is not reserved for the few. It’s for anyone who wants it — including you.

Understanding Bereavement: Navigating the Grieving Process

Loss is a part of life, but that doesn’t make it any easier when it arrives. Whether it's the death of a loved one, a friend, a pet, or even a symbolic loss such as the end of a relationship or life chapter, bereavement can shake the very foundations of our emotional world.

Grief is personal. It doesn’t follow a straight line or fixed timetable. For many, it can feel confusing, overwhelming, or even numb. If you’re grieving right now—or supporting someone who is—know that there’s no “right” way to feel, and help is available.

What Is Bereavement?

Bereavement refers to the period of mourning and adjustment that follows a loss, most often a death. It encompasses the emotional, physical, cognitive, and even spiritual reactions we might experience in response.

Grief, on the other hand, is the emotional response to that loss. This can include sadness, anger, guilt, confusion, loneliness, or even relief—sometimes all in the same day.

How Grief Is Experienced

Grief can affect us in many ways:

• Emotionally – You might feel deep sadness, shock, fear, anger, guilt, or longing. Sometimes, you may feel numb or disconnected altogether.

• Physically – Grief can cause exhaustion, poor sleep, changes in appetite, tightness in the chest, or difficulty concentrating.

• Socially – You might withdraw from others or feel that no one really understands what you’re going through.

• Existentially or Spiritually – Grief can bring up big questions about the meaning of life, beliefs, or identity.

These reactions can come in waves, triggered by memories, milestones, or ordinary moments. This ebb and flow is completely natural.

The Myth of the Five Stages

You may have heard of the five stages of grief—denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance. While this model can be helpful for some, it's important to remember that grief isn't linear. You might not go through every stage, or you might revisit some multiple times.

Grieving isn’t a checklist. It’s a living process.

Common Themes in Grief

• Guilt or “I should have…” thoughts

• Regret for things unsaid or undone

• Fear of forgetting the person who died

• Pressure to ‘move on’ or ‘be strong’ too quickly

• Changes in identity, especially after losing a partner, parent, or child

All of these are normal and valid. Sometimes we also experience what’s called complicated grief—where the mourning feels stuck, prolonged, or unbearable. This can be particularly painful and is something therapy can gently support you through.

How Therapy Can Help

Grief can feel isolating, but you don’t have to go through it alone. Therapy provides a safe and non-judgmental space to:

• Talk openly about your feelings

• Explore your relationship with the person you’ve lost

• Make sense of difficult emotions like guilt or anger

• Sit with the sadness without being overwhelmed by it

• Begin to reconnect with life in your own time

Importantly, therapy doesn’t rush you. It meets you where you are.

There’s No Right Way to Grieve

Your grief is valid, no matter how it looks. Some people cry every day. Others feel strangely functional. Some want to talk. Others don’t know what to say. However you are coping, know that it’s okay.

Grief is love looking for somewhere to go. Over time, with support and compassion, the sharp edges of loss can soften. You might not “get over” the person you’ve lost—but you can learn to carry them with you in a new way.

If You’re Struggling

If you’re feeling lost, overwhelmed, or unsure how to cope with your grief, reaching out for support is a courageous step. You are not alone. Therapy can help you process, honour, and live with your loss at your own pace.

The Link Between Childhood Trauma and Adult Relationships

Our earliest relationships shape how we see ourselves, others, and the world. When childhood is marked by trauma—whether through neglect, abuse, abandonment, or unpredictable caregiving—it can leave a lasting imprint. These early wounds often resurface in adult relationships, affecting how we connect, trust, and relate to others.

Understanding this connection isn’t about blame. It’s about making sense of patterns that might otherwise feel confusing, painful, or self-defeating—and finding a path toward healing.

What Is Childhood Trauma?

Childhood trauma can take many forms, including:

• Emotional neglect or lack of affection

• Physical, emotional, or sexual abuse

• Witnessing domestic violence

• Having a caregiver with mental health or substance issues

• Growing up in an unpredictable, chaotic, or unsafe environment

The impact of these experiences depends not just on what happened, but on how it was processed at the time. Children don’t have the emotional tools to make sense of overwhelming experiences, so trauma often gets stored in the body and nervous system, influencing behaviour and relationships in adulthood.

How Childhood Trauma Shows Up in Adult Relationships

If you experienced trauma as a child, you might notice some of these patterns in your adult relationships:

1. Fear of Abandonment
Even small signs of distance from a partner or friend can feel terrifying. You may feel panicked or desperate to keep them close, even at the expense of your own needs or boundaries.

2. Difficulty Trusting Others
You might struggle to believe that others are truly reliable, loving, or safe. This can lead to pushing people away, testing their commitment, or never letting anyone get too close.

3. People-Pleasing or Over-Giving
If love felt conditional in childhood, you may have learned to earn affection by being “good,” helpful, or self-sacrificing—often at a cost to your own wellbeing.

4. Avoidance of Intimacy
For some, closeness itself can feel threatening. You may prefer emotional distance, avoid vulnerability, or stay in relationships that feel safe because they’re emotionally unavailable.

5. Repeating Unhealthy Dynamics
Trauma often leads us to repeat familiar patterns, even when they’re painful. You may find yourself drawn to partners who are emotionally distant, controlling, or unreliable—because on some level, that feels “normal.”

6. Difficulty Regulating Emotions
Relationships can stir up intense emotions. If childhood taught you that feelings were unsafe or unwelcome, you may struggle to express your needs or soothe yourself in conflict.

Why This Happens: The Nervous System and Attachment

When a child grows up in a threatening or unpredictable environment, the nervous system adapts for survival. This can mean living in a state of hypervigilance, shutting down emotionally, or relying on strategies like appeasing or withdrawing.

These patterns can carry into adulthood, especially in close relationships where the stakes feel high. The nervous system may react to a partner’s disagreement as if it were a threat to safety, leading to fight, flight, freeze, or fawn responses.

Attachment theory also plays a role. Early experiences with caregivers shape our “attachment style”—the way we connect with others. Trauma can lead to insecure attachment styles, such as anxious or avoidant, which can make relationships feel more stressful and less fulfilling.

Healing Is Possible

The good news is that relationship patterns shaped by trauma are not set in stone. With support, awareness, and compassion, they can be understood and shifted over time.

Therapy can help by:

• Making sense of your relational history

• Identifying and naming unhelpful patterns

• Building self-worth and self-trust

• Learning to communicate needs and boundaries

• Processing unresolved trauma in a safe, supportive space

Some therapies, like EMDR, Internal Family Systems (IFS), or trauma-informed approaches, are especially helpful in addressing the root of relational wounds.

Moving Toward Healthier Relationships

Healing from childhood trauma is not about becoming “perfect” in relationships. It’s about becoming more conscious, more self-aware, and more compassionate with yourself.

As you heal, you may find that:

• You react less intensely to perceived slights or distance

• You choose partners who feel safer and more respectful

• You communicate your needs with more clarity and confidence

• You trust that you are worthy of love, just as you are

Relationships can become a source of growth and healing—not just a place where old pain gets replayed.

Final Thoughts

If you recognise yourself in these patterns, you're not broken—you’re responding to past experiences that shaped your survival. The fact that you’re exploring these ideas is a powerful first step toward healing.

Therapy can help you untangle the past, reclaim your sense of safety, and build more nourishing relationships moving forward. You deserve love, connection, and a relationship with yourself that is grounded in compassion and trust.

Is It Autism or Social Anxiety? Understanding the Difference

If you find social situations overwhelming or confusing, you might have wondered: Do I have social anxiety, or could I be autistic? The two can appear similar on the surface—both may involve avoiding social events, feeling out of place, or struggling to connect with others.

But autism and social anxiety are fundamentally different experiences, rooted in different causes. Understanding these differences can help you get the right kind of support.

What Is Social Anxiety?

Social anxiety is a mental health condition that causes intense fear about social situations. It’s not simply shyness or introversion. People with social anxiety often worry excessively about being judged, criticised, or humiliated, even in everyday interactions.

Some signs of social anxiety include:

• Avoiding conversations or public speaking

• Overthinking social interactions before and after they happen

• Feeling panicked at the thought of being the centre of attention

• Wanting to connect with others, but feeling paralysed by fear

• Physical symptoms like sweating, shaking, or a racing heart in social settings

The core issue in social anxiety is fear—especially fear of negative evaluation.

What Is Autism?

Autism (or Autism Spectrum Disorder) is a neurodevelopmental difference. Autistic people process the world in a way that’s different from non-autistic people, especially when it comes to social interaction, communication, and sensory experiences.

Autistic traits may include:

• Finding it difficult to pick up on social cues like facial expressions or tone of voice

• A preference for routine and predictability

• Deep focus or interest in specific topics

• Sensory sensitivities (e.g., to sound, light, or texture)

• Social interactions that feel effortful, confusing, or draining

Unlike social anxiety, the social differences in autism are not rooted in fear of judgment. They are part of a different neurological experience of the world.

How Are They Similar?

There are overlaps between social anxiety and autism. Both may involve:

• Avoiding group situations or conversations

• Discomfort making eye contact

• Feeling awkward or “different” in social settings

• Struggling to make or maintain friendships

• A sense of being overwhelmed by social or sensory input

It’s also common for autistic people to develop social anxiety over time, especially if they’ve been misunderstood, criticised, or excluded throughout life.

Key Differences to Look For

While the two conditions can look alike, there are some clues that can help tell them apart:

If you experience social discomfort because you're worried about being judged, disliked, or embarrassing yourself, social anxiety may be the root cause. People with social anxiety often want to engage socially but feel too anxious or self-conscious.

In contrast, if you find social interaction confusing or exhausting regardless of how others respond, it might be more aligned with autism. Many autistic people aren’t necessarily afraid of judgment—they just interact differently or find social rules hard to follow.

Autism tends to show up from early childhood, even if it goes unrecognised. Social anxiety, however, often develops later—sometimes in adolescence or adulthood.

What Can Help?

Whether you’re autistic, anxious, or a mix of both, therapy can be a powerful support. A therapist can help you:

• Understand your experiences more clearly

• Manage anxiety or overwhelm in social settings

• Explore your identity without shame or pressure

• Build confidence and self-acceptance

• Decide whether an autism assessment may be helpful

Therapy offers a space to be seen and heard just as you are. There’s no one “right” way to be social, and exploring your needs in a safe setting can make a big difference.

Final Thoughts

Social anxiety and autism can both impact how you relate to others, but they come from very different places. Understanding the distinction can help you better understand yourself—and seek the right kind of support.

If you're unsure where you fit, you're not alone. Therapy can offer clarity, compassion, and practical tools to help you thrive in your own way.

What Is Chemsex? Understanding the Risks and Support Options

In recent years, the term "chemsex" has become more widely recognised in conversations about mental health, addiction, and sexual wellbeing. For some, it may be unfamiliar; for others, it's a deeply personal or painful experience. In this blog post, we’ll explore what chemsex is, why it happens, the risks involved, and how therapy can help.

What Is Chemsex?

Chemsex refers to the use of specific drugs—typically methamphetamine (crystal meth), mephedrone (meow meow), and GHB/GBL (gamma-hydroxybutyrate/gamma-butyrolactone)—to facilitate or enhance sexual experiences, often over extended periods of time and frequently with multiple partners.

Chemsex is most commonly associated with men who have sex with men (MSM), but it can involve people of all genders and sexual orientations. It usually occurs in private homes, parties, or via hookups arranged through apps.

The term doesn’t refer to all sex that involves substances—what defines chemsex is the intentional use of these particular drugs to disinhibit, enhance stamina, reduce pain, and increase feelings of euphoria and intimacy.

Why Do People Engage in Chemsex?

The motivations behind chemsex can be complex and varied. For some, it's about freedom, confidence, or connection. For others, it may serve as an escape from emotional pain, loneliness, shame, trauma, or internalised stigma—especially around sexuality.

Some common reasons include:

• Reducing social or sexual anxiety

• Escaping emotional pain or trauma

• Seeking connection or intimacy

• Increasing confidence or sexual performance

• Avoiding feelings of shame or isolation

While chemsex may initially feel liberating or pleasurable, over time it can lead to significant risks and consequences.

The Risks of Chemsex

Chemsex can have serious impacts on both physical and mental health. The drugs used are highly addictive and often lead to:

• Physical health risks: unsafe sex, STIs, HIV, hepatitis C, overdose, dehydration, lack of sleep, and injury

• Mental health concerns: anxiety, paranoia, depression, psychosis, and suicidal thoughts

• Dependency and addiction: the cycle of relying on substances for sex or emotional regulation

• Consent and trauma issues: being unable to consent clearly or remembering what happened during extended sessions

• Isolation and shame: especially when chemsex becomes secretive or interferes with relationships and daily life

Many people who engage in chemsex struggle with conflicting feelings — they may experience enjoyment and connection but also feel shame, regret, or concern about losing control.

How Therapy Can Help

Talking to a therapist about chemsex can feel daunting — especially if there are fears of judgment or misunderstanding. But therapy can offer a non-judgmental, confidential space to explore what’s going on underneath the behaviour.

Therapy can help with:

• Understanding the emotional and psychological roots of chemsex

• Managing shame, trauma, or anxiety

• Exploring issues around sex, identity, and relationships

• Finding healthier ways to cope or connect

• Reducing harm and planning for change, if desired

You don’t have to be in crisis or want to stop completely to seek support. Therapy can be a space to reflect, gain insight, and make informed choices that feel right for you.

Final Thoughts

Chemsex is a complex issue, often linked to deeper emotional, cultural, and psychological factors. Whether you’re personally involved in chemsex or supporting someone who is, compassion and understanding are key.

If you feel affected by chemsex or want to talk confidentially about your experiences, a qualified therapist can offer support — without judgment, pressure, or shame.

You are not alone. Help is available.

Understanding Shame: What It Is, Why We Feel It, and How to Heal

Shame is one of the most powerful and painful human emotions. It can be overwhelming, isolating, and deeply rooted. For many people, shame lingers silently in the background of their lives — shaping relationships, self-worth, and even mental health. But what exactly is shame? Why do we feel it? And how is it different from guilt?

In this post, we’ll explore the nature of shame, how it differs from guilt, and what we can do to begin moving toward healing.

What Is Shame?

Shame is the feeling that there is something fundamentally wrong with who we are. It’s not just a sense that we’ve done something bad — it’s the belief that we are bad.

Shame often shows up as:

• A desire to hide or withdraw

• Harsh self-judgment or inner criticism

• A sense of being unworthy, broken, or unlovable

• Avoidance of vulnerability or closeness

• Fear of being exposed, rejected, or humiliated

It can be triggered by specific experiences — like rejection, criticism, or trauma — or it can develop over time, especially if we grew up in environments where we were criticised, neglected, or made to feel "not good enough."

Why Do We Feel Shame?

Shame is a deeply social emotion. It’s rooted in our evolutionary need to belong. In early human societies, being part of a group was essential for survival. Shame helped regulate behaviour and prevent us from being cast out or rejected.

But in modern life, shame can become toxic. It’s often tied to unrealistic expectations, societal pressures, or messages we received as children. We might feel shame for expressing emotions, making mistakes, or simply being ourselves.

For example:

• A child who was repeatedly criticised may grow into an adult who feels shame whenever they speak up.

• Someone who experienced abuse may carry shame about what happened, despite it not being their fault.

• People in marginalised groups may feel shame simply for existing in a society that devalues them.

Over time, this kind of shame can become internalised and automatic, affecting everything from self-esteem to relationships to mental health.

Shame vs. Guilt: What’s the Difference?

Although shame and guilt are often confused, they are not the same:

• Guilt says: I did something wrong.

• Shame says: There’s something wrong with me.

Guilt can be a helpful emotion — it signals when our actions have hurt someone or violated our values. It motivates us to make amends and grow.

Shame, on the other hand, is often paralysing. It doesn’t lead to repair — it leads to hiding, self-hatred, or emotional withdrawal. Unlike guilt, which focuses on behaviour, shame targets the self.

It’s also possible to feel both at once. For example, someone might feel guilty for lying to a friend, and ashamed because they believe it confirms they are a “bad person.”

What Can We Do About Shame?

Healing from shame isn’t about “getting rid of it” — it’s about learning to recognise it, understand it, and respond to it with compassion. Here are a few steps that can help:

1. Name It

The first step is recognising when you’re feeling shame. Notice the signs — the inner critic, the urge to withdraw, the feeling of worthlessness. Simply saying to yourself, “This is shame,” can start to break its grip.

2. Talk About It

Shame thrives in silence. When we speak it aloud — especially to someone safe and non-judgmental — it begins to lose power. Therapy can be a supportive place to explore shame and its roots.

3. Challenge the Inner Critic

Shame often shows up as a harsh inner voice. Ask yourself: Whose voice is this? Would I speak to someone I love this way? Learning to talk to yourself with kindness is key.

4. Connect with Others

Shame isolates. Connection heals. When we share our struggles with people who respond with empathy, we begin to rewrite the belief that we are alone, broken, or unlovable.

5. Practice Self-Compassion

Instead of trying to “fix” yourself, try offering understanding. Self-compassion means recognising that being imperfect, struggling, and feeling pain are all part of being human.

Final Thoughts

Shame is a deeply human emotion — but it doesn’t have to control your life. By understanding what shame is, where it comes from, and how to meet it with compassion, it’s possible to shift from a place of self-judgment to one of healing and self-acceptance.

You are not your shame. You are not broken. And you are not alone.

If shame is something you struggle with, therapy can help you explore its roots, understand your emotional responses, and begin to build a more compassionate relationship with yourself.

Delayed PTSD After Sexual Assault: Understanding Freeze, Shut Down, and Self-Blame

Sexual assault is a deeply traumatic experience that can leave lasting psychological wounds. For many survivors, these wounds may not surface immediately. Months — even years — after the event, symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can emerge, often catching people off guard and bringing with them a wave of confusion and self-blame.

One of the most misunderstood aspects of sexual trauma is how our bodies react during the assault. Many survivors struggle with questions like, Why didn’t I fight back? Why didn’t I say no? Did I let this happen?

The truth is: You didn’t let it happen. Your body responded in the only way it knew how to survive.

What Is Delayed PTSD?

Delayed PTSD refers to symptoms that arise well after the traumatic event — sometimes after a triggering experience, a period of increased stress, or when a survivor finally feels "safe enough" for the trauma to surface.

These symptoms may include:

• Flashbacks or intrusive memories

• Panic attacks or anxiety

• Avoidance of people, places, or reminders

• Nightmares and sleep disturbances

• Emotional numbness or detachment

• Intense shame, self-criticism, or guilt

For survivors of sexual assault, these experiences can feel especially confusing when they seem to appear “out of nowhere,” long after the event.

Why Self-Blame Is So Common

One of the cruelest effects of trauma is self-blame. Survivors may revisit the assault over and over, questioning their actions or inactions:

• Why didn’t I scream?

• Why didn’t I run away?

• Why didn’t I say no more forcefully?

These questions are often rooted in a lack of understanding about how the nervous system responds to danger.

We tend to hear a lot about the “fight or flight” response. But there’s another equally important — and often overlooked — response: freeze.

The Freeze Response: Your Body Trying to Keep You Alive

When your brain perceives overwhelming threat — especially one you can't escape — it may shut down movement, speech, and emotion altogether. This is not a conscious decision. It's not something you chose. It’s a survival response controlled by the autonomic nervous system — the same system that keeps your heart beating and your lungs breathing.

This freeze or shutdown state can look like:

• Being unable to move or speak

• Feeling numb, disconnected, or frozen in place

• Complying or becoming passive

• A sense of floating or being outside your body (dissociation)

To outside observers — or even to survivors later on — this may be misinterpreted as consent or acceptance. But in reality, it’s your body’s last-resort effort to survive an inescapable threat.

This response is especially common during sexual assault, where the attacker often has control, power, or physical dominance. The body assesses that resistance could lead to more harm — so it shuts down to protect you.

Releasing the Shame

Understanding the biology of trauma can be a powerful step toward healing.

You didn't fail.
You didn't “let it happen.”
You weren't weak.

Your nervous system responded exactly as it was designed to in the face of danger.

Shame thrives in silence and misunderstanding. Talking about the freeze response, learning about trauma, and connecting with others who understand can help release the burden of self-blame.

How Therapy Can Help

If you’re experiencing delayed PTSD after sexual assault, therapy can support you in making sense of your experiences, regulating your nervous system, and rebuilding a sense of safety and trust.

A trauma-informed therapist can help you:

• Understand your body’s response and replace self-blame with compassion

• Process the trauma at a pace that feels safe

• Learn grounding and calming tools to manage flashbacks and anxiety

• Reconnect with your body in gentle, empowering ways

• Build a narrative of what happened that honours your truth

You don’t have to carry this alone.

You Deserve Healing — On Your Own Timeline

Trauma is not always immediate. Healing doesn’t have a deadline. If your symptoms are surfacing now, it's not too late. In fact, this may be the very moment your mind and body feel ready to begin.

No matter how much time has passed, what happened to you matters. And how your body responded was not your fault.

You are not broken. You are surviving. And with the right support, you can begin to thrive.

Dissociation, Depersonalisation, and Derealisation: Understanding the Disconnection

Have you ever felt like you were watching your life from outside your body, or that the world around you suddenly seemed strange or dreamlike? These are common descriptions of dissociation, depersonalisation, and derealisation — experiences that can be confusing, distressing, and often hard to explain.

This blog post explores what these terms mean, how they are experienced, what causes them, and how therapy can help bring you back to yourself.

What Is Dissociation?

Dissociation is a mental process where a person disconnects from aspects of their experience, such as thoughts, feelings, memories, physical sensations, or even their sense of identity. It’s not always a sign of something serious — many people experience mild dissociation, such as daydreaming or “zoning out.”

But when dissociation becomes frequent, intense, or disruptive, it may indicate a deeper underlying issue such as trauma, anxiety, or stress.

Depersonalisation: Feeling Detached From Yourself

Depersonalisation is a specific type of dissociation where you may feel detached from your own body, thoughts, or identity. People often describe it as:

• Feeling like a robot or as if they’re on autopilot

• Experiencing their body as unreal, numb, or unfamiliar

• Watching themselves from outside, like in a film

• Feeling emotionally disconnected or “flat”

You might know, logically, that nothing is wrong — but still feel profoundly disconnected.

Derealisation: Feeling Detached From the World

Derealisation involves a sense that the world around you isn’t real. This might feel like:

• The environment appears foggy, distant, or dreamlike

• People or objects seem distorted or unfamiliar

• Time feels slowed down or sped up

• A sense of being behind glass or in a movie

Again, this is not a hallucination — you’re aware of what’s real, but feel strangely removed from it.

What Causes Dissociation?

Dissociation often occurs as a protective response to overwhelming stress or trauma. When something feels too painful or threatening to fully process, the mind may “disconnect” as a way to cope. Causes include:

• Childhood trauma or abuse

• Ongoing stress or anxiety

• Sudden traumatic events (e.g., accidents, assault)

• Emotional neglect or chronic invalidation

• Panic attacks or other intense emotional states

Some people are more prone to dissociation than others, especially if they’ve experienced trauma or grew up in environments where they had to suppress emotions to stay safe.

How Does It Affect Daily Life?

For some, dissociation is fleeting and manageable. For others, it can be deeply disruptive. It might affect:

• Relationships – Feeling distant or disconnected from others

• Memory – Difficulty recalling events or conversations

• Emotions – Feeling numb, confused, or flat

• Identity – Struggling with a sense of who you are

• Functioning – Trouble concentrating, staying present, or making decisions

These experiences can also be frightening, especially if you don’t understand what’s happening.

How Can Therapy Help?

The good news is that dissociation, depersonalisation, and derealisation are treatable. Therapy can help you understand your experience, reduce symptoms, and reconnect with yourself and the world around you.

Here’s how:

1. Understanding and Validation

Many people feel alone or ashamed of their dissociative experiences. Therapy offers a space where your experiences are taken seriously and compassionately understood.

2. Processing Underlying Causes

Therapists can help you explore past trauma, stress, or emotional patterns that may be contributing to dissociation — at a pace that feels safe.

3. Grounding Techniques

You’ll learn practical tools to stay connected to your body and the present moment. This may include breathing exercises, mindfulness, movement, or sensory techniques.

4. Building Emotional Tolerance

Therapy supports you in gradually increasing your ability to stay with difficult emotions and sensations, so that dissociation becomes less necessary as a coping strategy.

5. Stabilisation and Integration

Over time, therapy can help you feel more emotionally stable, and begin to integrate parts of yourself that may have felt split off or disconnected.

You’re Not “Broken” — You’re Protecting Yourself

Dissociation is not a flaw or failure — it’s a creative and adaptive response to pain. But you don’t have to live with it forever. With the right support, you can begin to feel grounded, real, and whole again.

If you’re experiencing dissociation, depersonalisation, or derealisation, you're not alone — and help is available.

How Therapy Helps With Grief After Miscarriage or Baby Loss

The grief following a miscarriage or baby loss is profound. It’s not just the loss of a pregnancy or a child — it’s the loss of hopes, dreams, and a future you may have already begun to imagine. Whether your experience was recent or years ago, the emotional weight can be overwhelming and long-lasting.

Therapy can provide vital support through this unique and often isolating kind of grief. Here’s how.

Grieving What’s Often Unspoken

One of the hardest parts of miscarriage or baby loss is how invisible the grief can be. Others may not understand the depth of your pain, especially if the loss happened early in pregnancy. You may feel pressure to move on quickly, or struggle with feelings of shame, guilt, or failure.

In therapy, you don’t have to minimise your loss. It offers a space to:

• Talk freely about what happened

• Name your grief and honour your experience

• Acknowledge your baby and the bond you felt

• Be supported without judgment or expectations

What Therapy Can Help You With

Grief after miscarriage or baby loss doesn’t follow a timeline. It can affect your emotions, relationships, body image, and future plans. A therapist can help you:

• Process feelings of sadness, anger, guilt, or numbness

• Work through anxiety about future pregnancies or fertility

• Manage changes in your relationship or family dynamics

• Rebuild trust in your body and sense of safety

• Honour your loss in meaningful, healing ways

The Emotional Landscape of Baby Loss

Everyone grieves differently, but many people describe:

• A sense of emptiness or disconnection

• Unexpected emotional triggers (e.g., anniversaries, baby announcements)

• Sleep difficulties or physical symptoms

• Feelings of isolation, especially if others don't acknowledge the loss

• Difficulty finding meaning or hope in everyday life

Therapy helps you make space for these emotions and find ways to live with the grief, not against it.

Supporting Partners and Families

Partners may grieve differently — sometimes more quietly or inwardly. Therapy can also support couples in navigating loss together. It can:

• Improve communication and mutual understanding

• Help each partner feel seen and supported

• Rebuild emotional closeness and trust

• Provide a shared space for honouring your baby

Therapy may also support siblings or other family members affected by the loss.

Choosing the Right Therapist

When seeking support, consider a therapist who:

• Specialises in grief, bereavement, or reproductive loss

• Has experience supporting individuals or couples through miscarriage or stillbirth

• Creates a calm, validating, and safe therapeutic space

• Understands the complex emotions and layered grief this experience can bring

Sometimes the hardest part is reaching out. But it’s a sign of strength to ask for help when you’re carrying something so heavy.

You’re Not Alone

Grief after miscarriage or baby loss is real, valid, and deserving of care. Therapy can help you feel less alone, more understood, and gradually more able to carry the pain with compassion.

There is no right way to grieve. But you don’t have to grieve in silence.

If you're ready to talk, there are people who will listen — and walk alongside you through your healing.

Navigating Gender Identity in Therapy: How It Can Help

Exploring gender identity is a deeply personal journey. Whether you're questioning your gender, transitioning, or simply looking for a space to talk, therapy can offer support, clarity, and acceptance.

In a world that often misunderstands or marginalizes gender diversity, therapy provides a place to be seen, heard, and affirmed. Here's how it can help — and why it matters.

Understanding Gender Identity

Gender identity refers to your internal sense of who you are — whether that's male, female, both, neither, or somewhere along a spectrum. For some people, gender identity is clear and constant. For others, it may shift or take time to fully understand.

Therapy can help you:

• Explore your identity in a safe, non-judgmental space

• Work through confusion, fear, or internalised stigma

• Make sense of the emotions and questions that arise

• Understand how gender intersects with other parts of your life

Common Reasons People Seek Therapy Around Gender

People come to therapy with many different experiences and goals. Some common reasons include:

• Feeling uncertain or anxious about gender identity

• Coming out to family or friends

• Navigating the social or medical aspects of transition

• Coping with discrimination, rejection, or dysphoria

• Seeking gender-affirming support for other mental health issues like anxiety or depression

Whatever brings you in, therapy can meet you where you are — without pressure or assumptions.

What Does Affirming Therapy Look Like?

A gender-affirming therapist will:

• Respect your identity and pronouns

• Create a space that feels inclusive and validating

• Understand the impact of societal and systemic pressures

• Help you process emotions, relationships, and choices in a supportive way

Affirming therapy isn’t about steering you in a particular direction — it’s about helping you listen more deeply to yourself and feel empowered in your own journey.

The Benefits of Therapy When Exploring Gender Identity

• Clarity – Talking things through can reduce confusion and anxiety

• Self-acceptance – Therapy helps you build a kinder, more confident relationship with yourself

• Resilience – You’ll learn tools to manage dysphoria, discrimination, or stress

• Connection – Therapy can help you navigate relationships and build support networks

• Support during transitions – If you're considering social or medical transition, a therapist can guide you through the emotional aspects of these changes

Finding the Right Therapist

It’s important to work with someone who is experienced in gender identity issues and who affirms your lived experience. Look for therapists who:

• Explicitly state LGBTQIA+ inclusivity

• Have training or specialism in gender identity

• Make you feel safe and respected from the first session

Don’t be afraid to ask questions in an initial consultation. A good therapist will welcome your curiosity and prioritise your comfort.

Final Thoughts

Gender identity is not something to be “fixed” — it’s something to be understood, honoured, and lived fully. Therapy offers a space to make sense of who you are and to grow into that identity with confidence and support.

If you’re considering therapy as part of your journey, you deserve to be met with respect and care. You are not alone, and support is available.

How Do I Know If I’m Experiencing Burnout or Depression?

Feeling overwhelmed, exhausted, or emotionally drained can be tough to handle. But sometimes it’s hard to tell whether what you’re experiencing is burnout or depression — and knowing the difference can be important for getting the right kind of help.

In this post, we’ll explore what burnout and depression are, how they overlap, and some key signs to help you distinguish between the two.

What Is Burnout?

Burnout is a state of chronic stress that usually results from prolonged work pressure or demanding life situations. It’s often related to feeling emotionally exhausted, physically drained, and unable to meet constant demands.

Common signs of burnout include:

• Feeling constantly tired and drained

• Reduced motivation or interest in work or daily tasks

• Feeling detached or cynical about your job or responsibilities

• Struggling with concentration or productivity

• Physical symptoms like headaches or sleep problems

Burnout is usually tied to a specific source of stress — such as your job or caregiving duties — and may improve when those pressures lessen or when you take time to rest and recover.

What Is Depression?

Depression is a clinical mental health condition that affects your mood, thoughts, and body. It goes beyond just feeling sad and can impact every area of life.

Symptoms of depression often include:

• Persistent feelings of sadness, emptiness, or hopelessness

• Loss of interest in activities you once enjoyed

• Changes in appetite or sleep patterns

• Difficulty concentrating or making decisions

• Feelings of worthlessness or excessive guilt

• Thoughts of self-harm or suicide (in severe cases)

Depression may arise for many reasons, including chemical imbalances, genetics, trauma, or ongoing stress. It typically requires professional treatment to manage effectively.

How Are Burnout and Depression Similar?

Burnout and depression share some symptoms, which can make it hard to tell them apart:

• Fatigue and low energy

• Difficulty concentrating

• Feeling overwhelmed or emotionally drained

• Loss of interest in activities

Because of these overlaps, it’s important to pay attention to the context and other specific signs.

How Can You Tell Them Apart?

Here are some clues to help distinguish burnout from depression:

• Source of symptoms: Burnout is usually linked to specific stressors like work, while depression can affect many areas of life without an obvious trigger.

• Emotional tone: Burnout often comes with feelings of frustration or cynicism, especially related to work. Depression involves deeper feelings of sadness or hopelessness that don’t lift easily.

• Physical symptoms: While both can cause fatigue, depression is more likely to cause changes in appetite, sleep disturbances, and physical pain without clear cause.

• Duration and impact: Burnout symptoms may improve with rest, boundary-setting, or changing your environment. Depression tends to persist and affect your overall functioning even outside of work or specific stressors.

When Should You Seek Help?

If you’re struggling with ongoing feelings of exhaustion, sadness, or hopelessness — or if you have thoughts of self-harm — it’s important to reach out to a healthcare professional. Both burnout and depression benefit from support, but depression especially requires proper diagnosis and treatment.

Therapy can be very effective in helping manage both burnout and depression by addressing stress, building coping skills, and exploring underlying issues.

Final Thoughts

Feeling overwhelmed and exhausted is tough, but recognising whether you’re dealing with burnout or depression is a key step toward recovery. Both conditions deserve attention and care.

If you’re unsure or worried about your mental health, don’t hesitate to ask for help. You don’t have to face it alone.